Fluid-regulating device.



No. 700,645. Patented May 20, |902.

J HABTNESS FLUID REGULATING DEVICE.

(Application led Jan. 21, 1,901.)

(No Model.)

N @Fi .H -EP w... E E 5 E N w NTTn STATES JAMES IIARTNESS, OF SPRINGFIELD, VERMGNT.

FLUID-REGULATING DEVICE.

lPLECIFECA'LIIION forming part of Letters Patent No. 700,645, dated May 20, 1902.

Application filed January 21, 1901. Serial No. 44,074. {No model.)

T0 all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES HARTNEss, of Springfield, in the county of Windsor and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Regulating Devices, of which the following is a specication. y

This invention has relation to devices for regulating or measuring the iiow of fluids, its object being to provide a device of the character referred to by means of which the passage of fluid, and more particularlyliqnid, to a duid-controlled or `hydraulic machine can be regulated to cause an even steady movement of the movable paris of the machine.

In Letters Patent No. 635,388, dated October 31, 1899, I have shown and described a turret-lathe in which mechanism is provided for effecting a rapid movement of the turretslide to operative position and a relatively7 slow movement While the tools are operating upon the work. In such machines I tind that while it is necessary to check the flow of the fluid while the tools are operating,yet in many cases the operative pressure in the cylinders should be increased to overcome the additional resistance caused by the engagement of the tools with the work. The present invention provides a device in which I secure this increased or additional pressure without increasing the volume of fluid delivered to the operating-cylinder.

Referring to the drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of the invention, Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of a iuidregulating device. Fig. 2 represents a section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are sections on the lines 3 3 and 4 4, respecf tively.

The casing is formed in two parts 10 and 11, having a threaded engagement, the .section 11 being formed with an accumulator or discharge chamber 12, from which'leads the port 13, to which a fluid-conduit maybe connected. Formed about a line passed longitudinally through the center of the casing there are a plurality of cylinders 14, as many in number as may prove desirable or convenient. Each cylinder extends to the end of the section 10, the latter being threaded to receive a cap 15, which is adjustable longitudinally of the casing, as shown. Within each cylinder there is aloose differential piston 16, having a stem 17," which ,projects through a stuffing-box 1S at theend of the cylinder. The outward movement of the pistons is regulated by the cap 15, against which they strike to limit their stroke. Each cylinder has two ports a and b, the, former of which leads to the outer or upper end thereof and the other to the inner end thereof. The mouths of the ports aa are arranged in a circle concentric" with and inclosing thekmonths of the ports h Z), which are also arranged in a circle relatively near the central longitudinal line of the casing.

A waste-duct (indicated at c) enters the casing 10 at the s ide and has its mouth arranged in the central longitudinal line of the casing, as shown. A supply-port d enters the side .of the casingand has its mouth located in the ring-like space between the ports a and h, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The end of the section 10, which forms one wall of the accumulator-chamber l2, is perfectly flat and forms a seatior an eccentric valve 19. This valve has a stem 2O inserted in an eccentric socket in the head 21 of a shaft 22, journaled in the section 1l and passing through a stuffing-box 23. A spring 24 holds the valve against its seat.

The valve 19 is provided with a central Ichamber 25 and with an annular chamber 26,

the former always communicating with the waste-port c and the latter with the inlet or supply port d. When the shaft 22 is rotated -by any suitable means, the valve is revolved in the chamber 12 to admit fluid alternately to thetwo ends of the cylinders 14. The

outer chamber of the valve alternately connects the inlet-duct with the outer and inner rows of ports, and the inner chamber of the Vvalve connects the waste-duct successively with the ducts of the inner row, whereby the vfluid is admitted from the outer ends of the at the left oi' Fig. 2 into the outer end of the cylinder 14, the inner end communicating IOO through duct b with the chamber 25 of the valve, and consequently with the waste-duct c. The piston 16 is forced inward by the inow of fluid and remains in this position until the valve shifts, so as to open communication between port a, and the accumulatorchamber l2. At this time fluid enters the port b from the chamber 2G of the valve and is discharged into the inner end of the cylinder. By reason of the difference in pressure area in the two sides of the piston, caused by the stem 17 of the cylinder, the piston is forced outward with increased pressure to discharge the liquid into the chamber 12 and deliver it under high pressure. Thus it will be seen that the fluid which enters the outer part of the cylinder passes into the chamber l2 under high pressure, while the fluid which enters the inner part of the cylinder is discharged through the Waste-duct c. The pistons are actuated in succession as the eccentric valve makes one complete revolution.

The quantity of iiuid which is delivered by the regulator depends upon the revolutions of the valve per minute, the area of the pistons, and the stroke of the piston, and hence by varying the speed of the valve-shaft or varying the stroke of the differential pistons by adjusting the cap l5 the volume of fluid delivered may be correspondingly varied.

So far as I am aware I am the first to have provided a Huid measuring or regulating device having a differential loose piston for increasing the pressure of the liquid delivered therefrom and separate exhausts for the lowpressure and high-pressure iuids, and consequently I do not limit myself to any particular form of construction, since it will be seen that many changes may be made in the devices which l have described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus explained the nature of the invention and described a way of constructing and` using the same, although without attempting to set forth all of the forms in which it may be made or all of the modes of its use, I declare that what I claim isl. A duid-regulating device comprising a cylinder having a loose differential piston, ducts leading to opposite ends of the cylinder to deliver fluid thereto, a pressure chamber, an independent outlet, and a valve controlling the passage of fluid to said ducts, and permitting the escape of the fluid under augmented pressure to the said pressure-chamber, and of the iiuid under lower pressure to said independent outlet.

2. A fluid-regulating device comprising a cylinder having a loose differential piston, a common inlet for both ends of the cylinder, independent outlets for the said cylinder ends, and a single valve for controlling the passage of fluid through said inlet and outlets.

3. A Huid-regulating device comprising a cylinder having a loose differential piston, a common inlet for both ends of the cylinder, a conduit for the fluid delivered under high pressure, a waste-conduit for the fluid delivered under low pressure, and a single valve said inlet and outlets.

4. A fluid-regulating device comprising a cylinder having a loose differential piston, suitable valve mechanism for supplying fluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder, separate ducts controlled by the valve mechanism, for conducting from the cylinder the lowpressure and the high-pressure fluid, and means consisting of a rigid adjustable stop for limiting the movement of said piston, and thereby varying the volume of the discharged fluid.

5. A .Huid-regulating device comprising a casing having a plurality of cylinders with loose independent pistons therein, a single valve operable independently of movement of the pistons for permitting the ingress and egress of duid into and out of said cylinders on both sides of the pistons, and provisions for limiting the play of said pistons including members projecting through the cylinder ends, and a cap adjustably attached to said casing and having an inner face against which said members lnay abut.

6. A fluid-regulating device comprising a plurality of cylinders having loose diiferential pistons, a common accumulator-chamber for the high-pressure fluid, acommon exhaust for the low-pressure iiuid,and a common valve for said cylinders.

7. A fluid-regulating device comprising a plurality of cylinders havingloose differential pistons, a common outlet for the highpressure Huid, a common outlet for the lowpressure fluid, a common inlet to the cylinders to deliver iluid to both sides of the pistons, and an eccentric valve common to all of said cylinders.

8. A fluid-regulating device comprising a plurality of cylinders with differential pistons, a valve-seat having ports for the cylinders arranged in two concentric rows, and an eccentric slide-valve on said seat having an annular chamber.

9. A duid-regulating device comprising a plurality of cylinders with differential pistons,a valve-seathaving ports for the cylinders arranged in two concentric rows, an escapeport within the inner row of ports, an inletport between the said rows of ports, a common accumulator or discharge chamber, and an eccentric valve having two concentric chambers, substantially as described.

In testimony/whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES HARTN ESS.

Witnesses:

W. LE ROY BRYANT, HORACE BROWN.

v for controlling the passage of fluid through roo 

